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Chilli (botanically known as Capsicum annuum L.; Capsicum frutescene L.), also called red pepper belongs to the genus capsicum, under the solanaceae family. They are believed to have originated from South America. Chillies are the smaller-sized, more pungent types, while the somewhat larger, mildly to moderately pungent types are capsicums. The pungency is due to the active principle `capsaicin’ contained in the skin and the septa of the fruit. Chillies are valued principally for their high pungency and for their colour.
First time Vasco-da-Gama brought Chillies to India, there after Chilli became extremely popular in India. Some of the hottest chillies are grown in India. Indian chillies have been dominating international Chilli market. India is the world’s largest producer, consumer and exporter of chillies in the world. India also has the largest area under chillies in the world. Chillies are the most common spice cultivated in India.
Chillies are excellent source of Vitamin, A, B, C and E with minerals like molybdenum, manganese, foliate, potassium, thiamin, and copper. Chillies are good for slimming down as it burns the calorie easily. Chillies stimulate the appetite, help to clear the lungs, and stimulate digestive system.
There are more than 400 different varieties of chillies found all over the world. The world’s hottest Chilli “Naga Jolokia” is cultivated in hilly terrain of Assam in a small town Tezpur, India.
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Products Made from Wet Red Chillies |
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Pure Paste, |
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Pickles, Chutneys |
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Whole, Slit, or Cut – Frozen |
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Whole, Slit or cut – Preserved in vinegar in bottles |
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Along with Gherkins in vinegar |
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Ground to thick Masala – gravies |
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Salted and dried |
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Many other traditional products –chutney |
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In Ayurveda Medicines |
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Chilly Drink with sugar in bottles |
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sauces |
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Masala dried |
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More... |
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Products Made from Dried Red Chillies |
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Whole dried and sold – with or without stalk |
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Flakes, Garbled, Grits – with seeds or without |
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Powdered – Goes into many masala, pastess |
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Whole preserved in vinegar / brine / salted in diff. Packings |
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Pickles, Chutneys in diff. packings |
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Separated into pericarp & seeds |
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Pericarp goes for colour extraction & seeds for oil extraction |
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Colour & Oil exported – used as dye in cosmetics, food, textiles, pharma etc |
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Used in Ayurveda medicines |
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